Ithaca Cortland Lawyer How to Understand (and Interpret) Your NY DMV Driving Abstract

If you have a driver's license then you also have a driving history. In fact, you may have a driving history in more than one state because you have moved from one area of the country to another (ie. having more than one license to drive) OR because you have gotten tickets (violations) in more than one state.

A license History = a driving Record = a driving Abstract. 

They all mean the exact same thing. Different states refer to them by different names. In New York State, it is called an ABSTRACT. If you go into your local DMV office you would fill out a form for an abstract request, current fee is $10.00. Some states allow you to go online, and get a non-certified copy of your record as well.

Lifetime Driving Histories in NYS

NYS does not allow you to choose the number of years of history displayed on your abstract. Local offices go back 10 years (at a minimum). Most infractions will stay on your record (locally that is) for 4 years. DWs of all types will be on your record forever.

Many other states allow you choose how many years of history you want. You can request a 3 year, 5 year, or a 10 year driving record. NYS DMV in Albany has the lifetime driving records of all NYS license holders. What is more alarming is that they are now holding these past lifetime record of moving violations, non-moving violations, accidents, points, DWs, and any traffic related matters against people. Something you did 25 years ago may return to haunt you today.

To understand your NYS DMV abstract you must first look at three things:

1. Violation Type: this will be displayed in VTL format (vehicle and traffic law section) and a brief description of the infraction. It could even be a misdemeanor (criminal) VTL, not necessarily a non-criminal violation level offense.

2. Date of the Violation: this is the date that the incident occurred, that you were cited by the police. This is by far the most important date to consider when calculating time periods.

3. Date of Final Court disposition: This is the date that the court accepted your guilty plea (to something) or you were found guilty (after a trial).

TO FIGURE OUT YOUR EXPOSURE (potential) to a New York LICENSE SUSPENSION  

From the date of your current violation go back 18 months to see what the points or speeds add up to.
Remember the law is that if you have gotten 3 speeds (speeding tickets) within 18 months or have accumulated 11 total points within 18 months = A License Suspension.

ie. if you have a current (pending) speeding ticket (violation date) and you have two others (by violation dates) within the past 18 months YOU are now facing a driver's license (privilege) suspension in NYS if you are found guilty or plea guilty to this pending speeding ticket.

ie. if you have a current (pending) moving or non-moving violation with 4 points and you have 7 prior points on your driving record within the past 18 months YOU are now facing a driver's license (privilege) suspension in NYS if you are found guilty or plea guilty to this pending violation ticket.

If you have taken a Defensive Driving Course (in NYS this is one of the PIRPs) then some points may be negated from your record for a time period. Generally up to 4 points can be negated (not count) towards your total points. The PIRP = point insurance reduction program.

Law Offices of Lawrence Newman
504 N. Aurora Street
Ithaca, NY 14850

fax: 866-381-3122
ph: 607- 229-5184

Reviews & Endorsements of Larry Newman:

http://www.avvo.com/attorneys/14850-ny-lawrence-newman-530905.html

Chosen as a 2013 Rising Star in DWI/DUI in Upstate New York by Super Lawyers

Super Lawyers is a rating service of outstanding lawyers from more than 70 practice areas who have attained a high-degree of peer recognition and professional achievement. The selection process is multi-phased and includes independent research, peer nominations and peer evaluations.

I am a co-author of Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York, both 2011 and 2013 editions:

Leading Lawyers on Understanding Today's DWI Environment, Constructing a Defense Strategy, and Counseling Clients (Inside the Minds) New Edition

Articles on NY DWI; Criminal Defense: http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Lawrence_Newman

Cortland Lawyer "Out of the Furnace" DWI Movie Review

How apropos?
from filmdrunk.uproxx.com

SPOILER ALERT

This movie, "Out of the Furnace" contains a DWI. The main character (Christian Bale) drinks some beers and then a shot. Many of the stories I hear also contain that extra shot, a potentiator adding booze to beer, so that part is true to life.

He leaves the bar to drive home, then fumbles with his radio, get distracted, and totals a car containing a woman and child. His airbag goes off, and then he exits his pick up truck to check on these people. We never learn if he killed them but he does wind up in State prison.

Assumption one, Vehicular homicide?
Assumption two, Felony level offense?
Assumption three, NO DWI defense?

The movie skipped over a lot of material. The first thing I thought was, no one witnessed the accident?
He could have been just negligent without any drunk driving? Second, the woman was backing into a moving highway, he had the right of way in this instance. She was at fault comparatively. The last thing I thought was that his airbag went off, has face and mouth had dust on them, what about the Tyndall Defense? 

from shutter stock.com
Airbag deployment powder can be massive

Why can't I watch a movie without being a lawyer???

What is the Tyndall Defense?

Airbags contain little particles of dust (really preservative), and when they deploy you can breathe in those particles. People may be coughing up this powder from their lungs for many hours after the bag deploys. If you later blow into a breathalyzer some of those particles in your lung may get into the machine and block the infrared light in the unit. This may lead to an erroneous (wrong) and high BAC (blood alcohol concentration) reading.

The accuracy and reliability of any breath test is assuming we are measuring ONLY "breath" alcohol and not having the sample contaminated by powder. The number the machine spits out is only as good as what is going in, as they say "garbage in, garbage out."

The Tyndall effect was discovered by scientist John Tyndall. Light reflects off dust particles, this is seen when your car headlights hit an early morning fog.

So I can suspend disbelief, leave it all alone, or we can write a new movie. One where the lead character doesn't go to prison? One where he gets a fresh start and rehabilitation of some type?
Maybe one where he receives straight probation or even the local county jail?

Originally, born and raised in Brooklyn, NY. My father was a NYS corrections officer, and my mother a waitress. I now live in Ithaca, NY with my wife (of 25 years), and four kids. I have a B.S. in Human Biology, Doctorates in Law and Chiropractic, and a Post Graduate in Acupuncture. I practiced as a Chiropractic Physician in Florida from 1986 to 1995. I graduated law school in 1997, and went on to practice trial law in FL, NY, NJ, and PA. I love practicing criminal defense and injury law within the Finger Lakes Region of New York State.

Over 90% of the cases that I take on are New York DWI defense cases. I am certified as a breath tester by the Department of Transportation, the guidelines of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). I am certified in Field Sobriety Tests, and an active member of the National College of DUI Defense (NCDD). My online materials include over 450 blog posts, dozens of articles, and over 440 informative videos on my youtube channel.

I have co-authored Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York, in both 2011 and 2013. These are West Thomson legal manuals on New York State DWI defense, and focus on the best practices for other lawyers handling a New York DWI case. Included in Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York are materials I provide clients, such as my fee agreement and ways to avoid misdemeanor probation. I was selected by Super Lawyers as a Upstate New York 2013 Rising Star in DWI/DUI Defense based on my experience, contributions, and professional standing.

http://www.ithacadwi.com

newman.lawrence@gmail.com

607-229-5184

Ithaca Breath Test Defense: What is an DWI Ayala Hearing?

There are really three possible DWI breath test defenses:

ONE: Problem with the machine working properly. This includes proper chemicals, maintenance, calibration, and servicing.

TWO: Problem with the person giving a sample of breath. They have diabetes, GERD (gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease), or something else that would have caused a contamination of breath alcohol with other alcohol or ketones.

THREE: Problem with test administration. 
This blog post concerns this issue specifically.

Over my years defending cases I have had all three. I have seen improperly working machines, ones that also refused to take samples, and ones where the chemicals used were too old (expired). I have had clients with diabetes, blood diseases, GERD, and protein breakdown into ketones (by products) caused by fasting. Finally, I have had tests improperly given.

In New York State there is a legal presumption that the test was given properly IF the law enforcement officer giving the test had a valid breath test license. Kinda like, if you drove to my house we could assume you did so legally and properly because you hold a valid driver's license. This may not be fair or just but this is the law.

So how do we contest the test this way. Sometimes we have video of the test. We may not have audio but we may have a nice video. This will show us a few things:

1. The time that was spent prior to testing watching (the observation period) you. Was it truly continuous and uninterrupted for 20 minutes?

2. The way you acted and behaved just prior to testing. Were you belching, vomiting, or regurgitating any stomach contents?

3. Did the police check inside your mouth prior to having you blow into the breathalyzer?

If they failed to do any of the things or didn't do them well then your attorney could request (demand) an Ayala Hearing. This comes from the case of People v. Ayala, 89 NY 2d 874 (1996).

1. It is for a DWI case to have a hearing about your breath test;
2. It is to challenge the admissibility of the breath test into evidence;
3. It is based upon evidence that the test was not administered properly by the police.

I have seen videos where the police were not even watching the subject (the accused) during the 20 minutes leading up to the test. Sometimes they completely left the room. I have seen video where the person was visibly upchucking and then they tested them. I have seen videos where they never checked the mouth a all prior to having them blow into the machine.

If the breath test is found NOT admissible, one DWI (the breath one) charge will be dismissed completely. This may be the .08 BAC or even a .18 BAC charge. Then you only have a common law DWI case to fight.

If we can show a Judge that the police didn't follow their own rules then perhaps we can keep out this damning (but flawed) evidence.

Always consult with an attorney about any criminal or non-criminal charges you have pending to discuss your options and/or defenses.

The 9 Most FAQ About NY DWI, here:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/57124346/9-Most-FAQ-About-a-NY-DWI

The New York Up State DWI Survival Guide, here:

http://www.ithacadwi.com/NY_DWI_Survival_Guide_2012__fingerlakes.pdf

Winning The NYS DWI Refusal Case, here:

http://dwicom1.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/files/2013/10/1294-HowtoWintheNewYorkDWIRefusalCase.pdf

Originally, born and raised in Brooklyn, NY. My father was a NYS corrections officer, and my mother a waitress. I now live in Ithaca, NY with my wife (of 25 years), and four kids. I have a B.S. in Human Biology, Doctorates in Law and Chiropractic, and a Post Graduate in Acupuncture. I practiced as a Chiropractic Physician in Florida from 1986 to 1995. I graduated law school in 1997, and went on to practice trial law in FL, NY, NJ, and PA. I love practicing criminal defense and injury law within the Finger Lakes Region of New York State.

Over 90% of the cases that I take on are New York DWI defense cases. I am certified as a breath tester by the Department of Transportation, the guidelines of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). I am certified in Field Sobriety Tests, and an active member of the National College of DUI Defense (NCDD). My online materials include over 450 blog posts, dozens of articles, and over 440 informative videos on my youtube channel.

I have co-authored Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York, in both 2011 and 2013. These are West Thomson legal manuals on New York State DWI defense, and focus on the best practices for other lawyers handling a New York DWI case. Included in Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York are materials I provide clients, such as my fee agreement and ways to avoid misdemeanor probation. I was selected by Super Lawyers as a Upstate New York 2013 Rising Star in DWI/DUI Defense based on my experience, contributions, and professional standing.

http://www.ithacadwi.com

newman.lawrence@gmail.com

607-229-5184

Ithaca Lawyer Defends New York VTL 1163 Unsafe Lane Change and the Rules of the Road

Thank G-d we are not in mumbai77.com
This looks complicated

Some days the large majority of my time is spent on the phone, and in front of my computer. Phone calls with questions, one after the other, I try to explain the law, it's application, and make sense of things. Traffic violations are a part of my practice. They are a natural and lateral segue from my DWI cases, after all the D stands for Driving. 

Have to Lane Change with Safety 
from drivesmartdrivingschool.com.au

A recent email and then call had a person who was charged with VTL 1163. In it's various sub-sections New York VTL 1163 deals with lane changing. When can you change lanes? Can you change lanes safely? When did you use your turn signal to indicate a lane change?

Number One Road Rule: Safety First

He had gotten into an accident, and he was the ONE charged with the violation. He wanted to fight it, the charge of 1163 that is. He wanted my legal advice. Well his first defense was that the cop had not witnessed the accident. This can be a good thing, but in this case the damage to the cars and the statements taken from both parties (he and the other driver) were consistent with ONE thing: 

an Improper Lane Change on his part.

The Rule of Road from VTL 1163

Cars that are already in a lane of traffic (travel) have RIGHT of Way. Cars going straight and in a lane have priority over cars coming over and in. This based upon the rule of the road that you do not have to yield to cars enter to your lane of travel. Quite the opposite, cars entering a lane of travel must wait till it is safe to do so. They are changing their lane, the changer must wait and respect the changee (one already there).

Under VTL 1163: And I para phrase, You can't go from a straight (direction) course of travel UNLESS the turn (lane change) can be made (done/performed) with reasonable safety. 

So we didn't have a great defense to the outright charge. What was left was that I might have been able to perhaps get a reduction of the charge to something less harmful to his insurance. He left the call uninterested in his reality, not a great situation but one that could have been at the very least mitigated (lessened). 

Always consult with an attorney about any criminal or non-criminal charges you have pending to discuss your options and/or defenses.

Originally, born and raised in Brooklyn, NY. My father was a NYS corrections officer, and my mother a waitress. I now live in Ithaca, NY with my wife (of 25 years), and four kids. I have a B.S. in Human Biology, Doctorates in Law and Chiropractic, and a Post Graduate in Acupuncture. I practiced as a Chiropractic Physician in Florida from 1986 to 1995. I graduated law school in 1997, and went on to practice trial law in FL, NY, NJ, and PA. I love practicing criminal defense and injury law within the Finger Lakes Region of New York State.

Over 90% of the cases that I take on are New York DWI defense cases. I am certified as a breath tester by the Department of Transportation, the guidelines of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). I am certified in Field Sobriety Tests, and an active member of the National College of DUI Defense (NCDD). My online materials include over 450 blog posts, dozens of articles, and over 440 informative videos on my youtube channel.

I have co-authored Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York, in both 2011 and 2013. These are West Thomson legal manuals on New York State DWI defense, and focus on the best practices for other lawyers handling a New York DWI case. Included in Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York are materials I provide clients, such as my fee agreement and ways to avoid misdemeanor probation. I was selected by Super Lawyers as a Upstate New York 2013 Rising Star in DWI/DUI Defense based on my experience, contributions, and professional standing.

http://www.ithacadwi.com

newman.lawrence@gmail.com

607-229-5184

 

NEW YORK DWAI DRUGS; Is "Drugged" Driving "Impaired" Driving?

New York DWAI PSAs are good!

This is a PSA from the NYS DMV. I think it's a great message but it is confusing to many people. I get phone calls that ask me, "if I smoked or drugged yesterday, can I drive today?" My answer is usually don't drive if you cannot drive in a safe and responsible manner regardless of when you took something. This would be true whether you were tired, upset, or under the influence of anything that affected your ability to drive safely. Heard of "Road Rage?" People that are really angry should not be driving. That would not be safe driving either.

DRUGS can affect YOU (but ,,,, ON is NOT always Impaired)

The truth, drugs (alcohol is one of them) can influence your ability to drive. They can also influence your ability to think, walk, talk, and a million other functions. Many people are "on" drugs but the real question is always: Are they "impaired" by these drugs that they are ON?

I say this tongue in cheek because there are hundreds of drugs (prescription and OTC) that can affect you physically, emotionally, and mentally. In this country there are a great many people taking drugs and nutritional supplements daily. ON does NOT always equal Impaired.

First, what do prescription and OTC drugs really do? 

Generally drugs work by speeding up or slowing down a normal natural function of an organ or organ system. The body seeks homeostasis. Hemostasis is the body's normal natural point of balance. The yin and yang of function. Up and down, at a pace. Your heart beats at a normal natural rhythm, and your body releases insulin at a normal natural rhythm until it doesn't.

Drugs assist people by either increasing or decreasing and/or enabling a natural bodily function. Those that require (and are prescribed) drugs have bodies that are not normally regulating these functions. There are drugs that increase the release of insulin, can cause our hearts to slow down, or can supply us with hormones we are no longer naturally producing.

Second, all drugs have a variety of effects. 

We take them for one thing, but they will also do many other things to us. These are termed "side effects." Side effects may be considered the "bad" effects of a drug. The affects we don't want. They can be minimized but they generally can not be completely eliminated.

Third, you must take your medications based upon your doctor's direction and guidance but remember that you are ultimately responsible for their affect upon you. 

As a driver you must be "fit" to drive. Driving fitness requires that you: have awareness, have the ability to multi-task (divide your mental attention), be able to focus, and to respond to changes as you perform as a driver. Driving is performance oriented.

Main Take-Away: Use of all medications must be accompanied by your understanding of their effect upon you and your ability to perform (drive). 

Drug Concentrations and Half Life

All drugs have a "half life." Meaning that your body eliminates the drug from your body over a period of time. Alcohol and other drugs (and many other substances) are toxic to the body. Upon ingestion, your body will begin the process of detoxication. Detox takes time. Some drugs are at a level of half their quantity in your system over a specific period of time. Marijuana has a long half life. I guess one of the good things about alcohol is that it is eliminated by the body (detoxified) by about one drink per hour (generally).

I look to the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) when checking recommended wait times (as to half life). You can't fly a plane unless you follow these guidelines as a pilot (and rightfully so). Is driving a car much different? We can argue this point but check this out as to pilots and sleep aids:

Pharmaceutical Considerations: Because of the potential for impairment, we require a minimum wait time between the last dose of a sleep aid and performing pilot or ATCS duties. This wait time is based on the pharmacologic elimination half life of the drug (half life is the time it takes to clear half of the absorbed dose from the body). The minimum required wait time after the last dose of a sleep aid is 5-times the maximum elimination half life. The table below lists several commonly prescribed sleep aids along with the required minimum wait times for each.

Trade Name	Generic Name	Required minimum waiting time after last dose before resuming pilot or ATCS duties
Ambien	zolpidem*	24 hours
Ambien CR	zolpidem (extended release)	24 hours
Edluar	zolpidem (dissolves under the tongue)	36 hours
Intermezzo	zolpidem (for middle of the night awakening)	36 hours
Lunesta	eszopiclone	30 hours
Restoril	temazepam	72 hours
Rozerem	ramelteon	24 hours
Sonata	zaleplon	6 hours
Zolpimist	zolpidem (as oral spray)	48 hours

These guides are for sleep aids but other drugs would follow suit. 5 Times Half Life minimum to fly a plane safely. Some of these drugs require 2 or 3 days wait time before flying a plane.

Hey Snowflake, NOT Everyone is the Same

Of course, people are all different and they will also metabolize drugs differently. In fact, depending upon the given day, your body may metabolize (process) a drug faster or slower depending on a number of factors. How much sleep you had? Was it restful? What did you eat? What other drugs did you take? Your metabolism or the effect of a drug can also vary based upon your emotional state. This is even more variable if you don't know specifically what you are taking (as in elicit drugs). How much THC is in the pot you smoked? Who knows? The dangers of many illegal substances lie in their supposed "purity." Is it all this or that?

So in the end it's the Affect the drug (any drug) has upon YOU, and your ability to drive that really matters. Unfortunately, in many of the New York DW cases of DWAI drugs there is a car ACCIDENT as the main precursor to the charges. This is the ultimate in problem (dangerous) behavior.
Drugs alone or in combination can weaken your ability to perform many tasks. That is why most warning labels caution against USING HEAVY MACHINERY (i.e. a car).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Always consult with an attorney about any criminal or non-criminal charges you have pending to discuss your options and/or defenses.

Originally, born and raised in Brooklyn, NY. My father was a NYS corrections officer, and my mother a waitress. I now live in Ithaca, NY with my wife (of 25 years), and four kids. I have a B.S. in Human Biology, Doctorates in Law and Chiropractic, and a Post Graduate in Acupuncture. I practiced as a Chiropractic Physician in Florida from 1986 to 1995. I graduated law school in 1997, and went on to practice trial law in FL, NY, NJ, and PA. I love practicing criminal defense and injury law within the Finger Lakes Region of New York State.

Over 90% of the cases that I take on are New York DWI defense cases. I am certified as a breath tester by the Department of Transportation, the guidelines of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). I am certified in Field Sobriety Tests, and an active member of the National College of DUI Defense (NCDD). My online materials include over 470 blog posts, dozens of articles, and over 450 informative videos on my youtube channel.

I have co-authored Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York, in both 2011 and 2013. These are West Thomson legal manuals on New York State DWI defense, and focus on the best practices for other lawyers handling a New York DWI case. Included in Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York are materials I provide clients, such as my fee agreement and ways to avoid misdemeanor probation. I was selected by Super Lawyers as a Upstate New York 2013 Rising Star in DWI/DUI Defense based on my experience, contributions, and professional standing.

http://www.ithacadwi.com

newman.lawrence@gmail.com

607-229-5184

DWI Defense Perspective: WHY is it Important that the Police Properly Administer the Field Sobriety Tests?

Outside Field Sobriety Testing with the Ithaca Police Department

In many of the DWI cases that I handle in Upstate New york the police have given the stopped driver a series of tests. BTW You can legally refuse to take these tests (it is not a crime or a violation). Refusing a chemical test (of your breath or blood) does have more serious license consequences.

The Tale of Two Types of Tests

Sometimes these requests are completely non-standardized tests (made up by the police).
They can also request that you take the Standardized Field Sobriety Tests aka the "SFSTS."

Field tests are usually given at roadside. Often these are not video taped in Tompkins, Tioga, Cortland, and Steuben Counties. They are generally recorded in Chemung county. In Broome county there may even be roadside and police station recordings. I have seen them do the tests outside and then inside at the police station. These re-dos can even make or weaken a prosecutor's case based on what can be seen and heard.

The Three Standardized Tests Have to be Administered (GIVEN) Specifically

1. There are ONLY three standardized tests.
2. All the police (law enforcement) in every state MUST give them the same way every time.
3. All the police use the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) manual.

4. Proper Administration = Validity (see excerpt below from their manual)

"It is necessary to emphasize this validation applies ONLY when:

The tests are administered in the prescribed standardized manner,
The standardized clues are used to assess the suspect's performance,
The standardized criteria are employed to interpret that performance.
IF any one of the standardized field sobriety test elements is changed the Validity is
COMPROMISED!" emphasis is all mine

(P. VIII-19, SFST student manual, HS 178 R9/04)

The standardized field sobriety test are NOT at all flexible. They MUST be administered each time as outlined in this course.

(P. 8, SFST Administrators Guide, HS 178 R1/02)

A Prime Example: The Walk and Turn Field Sobriety Test

Police Steps, Instructions, and Directions for the WAT

First there are Four Pre-instructions: 

Hold Heel- Toe position (while given instructions)

Right foot online (remember this is an imaginary line)

Left foot on line  (some police like to call it a pretend line?)

Arms at side

Remain still until you are told to begin

Number of things to do:

Begin when you are told to

18 steps on an imaginary line (9 forward/ 9 back)

18 counts out loud

18 times to walk using heel to toe (all steps within a ½ inch)

18 times count in sequence (1, 2, 3, 4, etc.)

Arms at your side (on every step)

18 times looking at your feet (on each step)

4 things to do on turn  (to pivot on one foot and 3 pivot steps around)

TWO mistakes (errors), Police call them clues = A Fail

The JOB of Lawyers

Criminal defense attorneys MUST hold the police to their own standards. They have rules and sequences to follow. This helps to assure accuracy and validity in their investigation and charging of various crimes.

Always consult with an attorney about any criminal or non-criminal charges you have pending to discuss your options and/or defenses.

Originally, born and raised in Brooklyn, NY. My father was a NYS corrections officer, and my mother a waitress. I now live in Ithaca, NY with my wife (of 25 years), and four kids. I have a B.S. in Human Biology, Doctorates in Law and Chiropractic, and a Post Graduate in Acupuncture. I practiced as a Chiropractic Physician in Florida from 1986 to 1995. I graduated law school in 1997, and went on to practice trial law in FL, NY, NJ, and PA. I love practicing criminal defense and injury law within the Finger Lakes Region of New York State.

Over 90% of the cases that I take on are New York DWI defense cases. I am certified as a breath tester by the Department of Transportation, the guidelines of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). I am certified in Field Sobriety Tests, and an active member of the National College of DUI Defense (NCDD). My online materials include over 470 blog posts, dozens of articles, and over 450 informative videos on my youtube channel.

I have co-authored Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York, in both 2011 and 2013. These are West Thomson legal manuals on New York State DWI defense, and focus on the best practices for other lawyers handling a New York DWI case. Included in Strategies for Defending DWI Cases in New York are materials I provide clients, such as my fee agreement and ways to avoid misdemeanor probation. I was selected by Super Lawyers as a Upstate New York 2013 Rising Star in DWI/DUI Defense based on my experience, contributions, and professional standing.

http://www.ithacadwi.com

newman.lawrence@gmail.com

607-229-5184